A K Prakash Collection National Gallery Globe and Mail Arts Section March 23 2018

Art museum in Toronto, Ontario

Art Gallery of Ontario

Musée des beaux-arts de l'Ontario
Dundas Street façade of the Ago in 2009
Location of the gallery in Toronto
Established	1900; 122 years ago  (1900)
Location	317 Dundas Street West Toronto, Ontario M5T 1G4
Coordinates	43°39′xiv″N 79°23′34″W  /  43.65389°N 79.39278°W  / 43.65389; -79.39278 Coordinates: 43°39′14″N 79°23′34″W  /  43.65389°North 79.39278°West  / 43.65389; -79.39278
Blazon	Art museum
Visitors	974,736 (2018) 3rd most visited nationally 80th most-visited globally[1]
Director	Stephan Jost[2]
President	Robert J. Harding[3]
Curator	Julian Cox (Chief Curator)
Public transit access	St. Patrick  505
Website	agone.ca

The Art Gallery of Ontario (Ago; French: Musée des beaux-arts de l'Ontario) is an art museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The museum is located in the Grange Park neighbourhood of downtown Toronto, on Dundas Street West between McCaul and Beverley streets just e of Chinatown. The museum'due south edifice complex takes upward 45,000 foursquare metres (480,000 sq ft) of physical space, making it one of the largest fine art museums in North America and the second-largest art museum in Toronto after the Majestic Ontario Museum. In improver to exhibition spaces, the museum also houses an creative person-in-residence office and studio, dining facilities, event spaces, souvenir shop, library and archives, theatre and lecture hall, inquiry heart, and a workshop.

Established in 1900 as the Art Museum of Toronto, and formally incorporated in 1903, information technology was renamed the Art Gallery of Toronto in 1919, before it adopted its present proper name, the Fine art Gallery of Ontario, in 1966. The museum acquired the Grange in 1911 and later undertook several expansions to the due north and westward of the construction. The first series of expansions occurred in 1918, 1924, and 1935, designed by Darling and Pearson. Since 1974, the gallery has undergone four major expansions and renovations. These expansions occurred in 1974 and 1977 by John C. Parkin, and 1993 by Barton Myers and KPMB Architects. From 2004 to 2008, the museum underwent another expansion by Frank Gehry. The museum complex saw further renovations in the 2010s past KPMB and Hariri Pontarini Architects.

The museum'south permanent drove includes over 120,000 works spanning the first century to the present 24-hour interval.^[4] The museum collection includes a number works from Canadian, Offset Nations, Inuit, African, European, and Oceanic artists. In add-on to exhibits for its collection, the museum has organized and hosted a number of travelling art exhibitions.

History [edit]

A due south view of the outset expansion building in 1922

The museum was founded in 1900 every bit the Art Museum of Toronto past a group of private citizens and members of the Toronto Society of Arts.^{[five] [6]} The institution's founders included George A. Cox, Lady Eaton, Sir Joseph W. Flavelle, J. W. L. Forster, E. F. B. Johnston, Sir William Mackenzie, Hart A. Massey, Prof. James Mavor, F. Nicholls, Sir Edmund Osler, Sir Henry G. Pellatt, George Agnew Reid, Byron Edmund Walker, Mrs. H. D. Warren, Eastward.R. Wood, and Frank P. Wood.^[7]

The museum's incorporation was confirmed by the Government of Ontario three years later by legislation,^[vi] in An Act respecting the Art Museum of Toronto in 1903. The legislation provided the museum with expropriation powers in order to acquire state for the museum.^[viii] Before the museum moved into a permanent location, it held exhibitions in rented spaces belonging to the Toronto Public Library most the intersection of Brunswick Avenue and College Street.^[ix]

The museum caused the property information technology soon occupies soon after the expiry of Harriet Boulton Smith in 1909, when she bequeathed her historic 1817 Georgian estate, The Grange, to the gallery upon her decease.^{[10] [11]} However, exhibitions continued to be held in the rented spaces at the Toronto Public Library branch until June 1913, when The Grange was formally opened as the art museum.^[9] In 1911, ownership of The Grange, and the surrounding property was formally transferred to the museum.^[12] Shortly afterwards, the museum signed an agreement with the municipal authorities of Toronto to maintain the grounds south of The Grange as a municipal park.^[12]

View of Walker Courtroom in 1929, several years afterward information technology opened.

In 1916, the museum drafted plans to construct a small portion of a new gallery building designed by Darling and Pearson in the Beaux-Arts fashion.^[9] Excavation of the new facility began in 1916. The first galleries next to The Grange were opened in 1918. In the adjacent yr, the museum was renamed the Art Gallery of Toronto, in an attempt to avert confusion with the Royal Ontario Museum.^[13] In 1920, the museum also allowed the Ontario College of Fine art to construct a building on the grounds. The museum was expanded again in 1924, with the opening of the museum'south sculpture courtroom, its ii side by side galleries, and its master entrance on Dundas Street.^[xiii] The museum was expanded again in 1935 with the construction of ii additional galleries.^[13] Portions of the 1935 expansions were financed by Eaton'due south.^[12]

In 1965, the museum saw its drove of European and Canadian artworks expand, with the acquisition of 340 works from the Canadian National Exhibition.^[fourteen] During the mid-1960s, the director of the museum, William J. Withrow, pushed to accept the museum designated as a provincial museum, in an effort to gain farther provincial funding for the establishment.^[xv] In 1966, the museum changed its proper name to the Fine art Gallery of Ontario, in order to reverberate its new mandate to serve equally the provincial art museum.^[16]

Exterior façade of the fine art museum in 1960

In the 1970s, the museum embarked on another expansion of its gallery infinite,^[13] with its first phase completed with the opening of the Henry Moore Sculpture Centre on Oct 26, 1974. Although the museum planned on expanding its Canadian exhibits in its second stage of expansions, the creation of a center dedicated to a non-Canadian artists drew criticism from Canadian Artists' Representation, and threatened to protest the opening of the heart.^[17]

The museum was expanded again in 1993, which saw the 9,290.three foursquare metres (100,000 sq ft) of new space and 17,651.6 square metres (190,000 sq ft) of renovations—usable infinite, increasing the preexisting floorspace by 30 per cent. The expansion saw the renovation of 20 galleries and the construction of xxx galleries.^[xviii] In 1978, the museum'south staff was unionized under the Ontario Public Service Employees Union.^[15]

During the 1990s, the museum drafted plans that would have seen the evolution of a pedestrian mall from University Avenue to the art gallery.^[19] However, conflicting developments on side by side backdrop, lack of support from the City of Toronto authorities, and the eventual development of another renovation plan by builder Frank Gehry saw the museum's plans for a pedestrian mall abandoned in the early on 2000s.^[19]

In 1996, Canadian multi-media artist Jubal Brown vandalized Raoul Dufy's Harbor at le Havre in the Art Gallery of Ontario by deliberately airsickness primary colours on them.^[xx]

Construction for the Frank Gehry redesign of the museum circuitous in Feb 2008

Under the direction of and so-CEO Matthew Teitelbaum, the museum embarked on a CA$254 one thousand thousand (after increased to CA$276 one thousand thousand) redevelopment programme by Gehry in 2004, chosen Transformation Agone. Although Gehry was born in Toronto, the redevelopment of the museum complex would be his outset work in Canada. The project initially drew some criticism. As an expansion, rather than a new creation, concerns were raised that the structure would not look like a Gehry signature building,^[21] and that the opportunity to build an entirely new gallery, mayhap on Toronto'due south waterfront, was beingness squandered. During the grade of the redevelopment planning, lath member and patron Joey Tanenbaum temporarily resigned his position over concerns about donor recognition, blueprint issues surrounding the new building, as well equally the cost of the project. The public rift was subsequently healed.^[22]

Kenneth Thomson was a major benefactor of Transformation AGO, donating much of his art drove to the gallery (providing large contributions to the European and Canadian collections), in improver to providing CA$l million towards the renovation, as well as a CA$xx million endowment.^[23] Thomson died in 2006, two years before the projection was complete.

In 2015, the Canadian Jewish News reported 46 paintings and sculptures in the museum's possession held "a gap in provenance," with the history of their ownership from the years 1933 and 1945 having disappeared.^[24] The museum publishes spoliation research on its public website.^[25]

In 2018, the museum formally changed the name of Emily Carr's 1929 The Indian Church painting to Church at Yuquot Village in an effort to remove culturally insensitive language from the title of works in its collection.^[26] A notation adjacent to the painting provides the original name of the piece and explains Carr'southward use of the term was with keeping in "the language of her era".^[26] The museum has too reviewed the titles of several other works on a case-by-case ground, every bit items from the Canadian drove are rotated from its exhibit, or from its storage.^[27]

In May 2019, the museum revised its access model, offering costless entry to visitors 25 years of age and under and a CA$35 pass for all others, which provides access to the museum for the entire yr.^[28]

In 2020, the work Still Life with Flowers past Jan van Kessel the Elder, was restituted to the heirs of Dagobert and Martha David, afterwards the museum confirmed that it was stolen art.^{[29] [xxx] [31]}

Selected exhibitions since 1994 [edit]

Advertising for King Tut: The Golden King and the Smashing Pharaohs exhibition hosted at the Fine art Gallery of Ontario in 2009

The Art Gallery of Ontario has hosted and organized a number of temporary and travelling exhibitions in its galleries. A select listing of exhibitions since 1994 include:

• From Cézanne to Matisse: Great French Paintings from The Barnes Foundation (1994)
• The OH!Canada Project (1996)
• The Courtauld Drove (1998)
• Treasures from the Hermitage Museum, Russia: Rubens and His Age (2001)
• Voyage into Myth: French Painting from Gauguin to Matisse, from the Hermitage Museum (2002)
• Turner, Whistler, Monet: Impressionist Visions (2004)
• Catherine the Great: Arts for the Empire – Masterpieces from the Hermitage Museum, Russian federation (2005)
• Emily Carr: New Perspectives on a Canadian Icon (2007)
• Drawing Attention: Selected Works on Newspaper from the Renaissance to Modernism (2009)
• King Tut: The Gilt Male monarch and the Nifty Pharaohs (2009)
• Rembrandt/Freud: Etchings from Life (2010)
• Julian Schnabel: Art and Film (2010)
• Maharaja: The Splendour of India'south Majestic Courts (2010)
• Drama and Want: Artists and the Theatre (2010)
• At Work: Hesse, Goodwin, Martin (2010)
• The Shape of Feet: Henry Moore in the 1930s (2010)
• Black Ice: David Blackwood Prints of Newfoundland (2011)
• Abstract Expressionist New York (2011)
• Haute Civilisation: General Thought (2011)
• Chagall and the Russian Advanced: Masterpieces from the Collection of the Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris (2011)
• Jack Chambers: Light, Spirit, Time, Place and Life (2012)
• Iain Baxter&: Works 1958–2011 (2012)
• Picasso: Masterpieces from the Musée Picasso Paris (2012)
• Berenice Abbott: Photographs (2012)
• Frida & Diego: Passion, Politics and Painting (2012)
• Francis Bacon and Henry Moore: Terror and Beauty (2014)
• Vija Celmins: To Ready the Image in Memory (2019)
• Jean-Michel Basquiat: Now's The Time (2015)
• J. G. Due west. Turner: Painting Gear up Free (2015)
• Outsiders: American Photography and Film, 1950s–1980s (2016)
• The Thought of Northward: The Paintings of Lawren Harris (2016)
• Theaster Gates: How to Build a House Museum (2016)
• Small Wonders: Gothic Boxwood Miniatures (2016)
• Mystical Landscapes: Masterpieces from Monet, Van Gogh and More (2016)
• Toronto: Tributes + Tributaries, 1971–1989 (2016)
• Every. At present. Then. Reframing Nationhood (2017)
• Rita Letendre: Fire & Light (2017)
• Free Black Northward (2017)
• Guillermo del Toro: At Habitation with Monsters (2017)
• Yayoi Kusama: Infinity Mirrors (2018)
• Mitchell/ Riopelle: Nothing in Moderation (2018)
• Tunirrusiangit: Kenojuak Ashevak and Tim Pitsiulak (2018)
• Mickalene Thomas: Femmes Noires (2018)
• Rebecca Belmore: Facing the Monumental (2018)
• Anthropocene (2018)
• Impressionism in the Age of Industry: Monet, Pissarro and more (2019)
• Brian Jungen Friendship Centre (2019)
• Early on Rubens (2019)
• Hito Steyerl: This is the hereafter (2019)

Architecture [edit]

The museum complex includes two buildings, The Grange (right foreground), and the main building expansion to the northward and w of it

The holding the museum occupies was acquired in 1911, when The Grange, and the surrounding property south of Dundas Street were bequeathed to the institution by Harriet Boulton Smith. The Grange manor was reopened to serve every bit the museum'southward building in 1913. Since its opening, the museum underwent several expansions to the north, and west of The Grange. Expansions to the museum were opened in 1918, 1924, 1935, 1974, 1977, 1993, and 2008.^[9]

The museum complex takes upwardly 45,000 foursquare metres (480,000 sq ft) of physical infinite,^[9] and is fabricated upward of 2 buildings, The Grange, and the main edifice expansion, congenital to the north, and w of The Grange. After the principal building's redevelopment in 2008, the museum complex has 12,000 foursquare metres (129,000 sq ft) of dedicated gallery space.^[32]

The Grange [edit]

The Grange is a historic estate congenital in 1817 and is the oldest portion of the museum complex. The building is two-and-a-half storeys tall, and built from stone, brick-on-brick cladding, and wood and glass detailing.^[12] Although it was designed in a Neoclassical style, it retains the symmetrical features of Georgian-styled buildings, plant in Upper Canada prior to the War of 1812.^[12] The building was initially used every bit a private residence, with its previous owners having altered the property on several occasions before its re-purposing into an art museum. This includes the addition of a w fly in the 1840s, and another wing to the west in 1885.^[12] Although the museum expanded the complex in the decades after acquiring the property, The Grange itself saw piffling work done to information technology for the next half-century. As a part of its 1967–1973 expansion project, the museum restored The Grange to its 1830s configuration, and repurposed the building into a celebrated house.^[12] The Grange was operated as a historic house until it was after repurposed by the museum as an exhibition space and members' lounge.

The western wings of The Grange were built in the 1840s and 1885. The main building's South Gallery block is visible in the groundwork.

The building was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1970.^[9] The building was afterwards designated by the City of Toronto authorities equally "The Grange and Grange Park" in 1991 under the Ontario Heritage Deed.^[9] In 2005, the City of Toronto government, and the museum entered a heritage easement agreement,^[9] which requires designated interior and exterior elements of The Grange to be retained for perpetuity.^[33]

Primary building [edit]

Situated directly north and w of The Grange, the main building was opened to the public in 1918, and has undergone a number of expansions and renovations since opening.^[34] Plans for the "main building" to the northward of The Grange originated in 1912, when the architectural business firm Darling and Pearson submitted their expansion plans for the north of The Grange.^[35] Due to The Grange's location, and celebrated value, the expansion plans were limited along the southern portions of the museum's property; as the museum wanted to preserve The Grange's southern façade, and the municipal park south of the building.^[34]

The expanded plan featured 30 viewing halls, all of which would surround one of three open courtyards, an English language mural garden, an Italian garden, and a sculpture courtyard.^[34] The design was largely modelled afterwards another building designed past Darling and Pearson, the Majestic Ontario Museum.^[34] The designs by Darling and Pearson were intended to be implemented in 3 phases, although the plans for the final design phase were abandoned by the mid-20th century.^[34] Construction for the first phase began in 1916, and was completed in 1918.^{[9] [34]} The first phase featured an expansion wing side by side to The Grange, that had three galleries.^[34]

The second phase of the design was opened in 1926. Information technology included half of the sculpture courtroom (later named Walker Court) to the north of the 1918 fly, two additional galleries flanking the sculpture court, and an entrance to the northward.^[34] The exterior façade of the 1926 expansion was just made of bricks and stucco. No serious designs were planned for the exterior facade of the 1926 expansion, as the museum envisioned that the exterior facade would eventually be enclosed in stone by future expansions.^[36] Further expansions to the e and the due west of the building was completed in 1935.^[36] Yet, equally the third phase of expansion was never embarked on, the "temporary facade" to the north remained the aforementioned until the early 1990s.^[36]

Late-20th century expansions [edit]

Western façade of the main building from Beverley Street, prior to the 2004–2008 redevelopment. The western portion of the building opened in 1977.

Another serial of expansion was undertaken by the museum during the 1970s, as a part of a new three-phased expansion program; with its first 2 phases designed past John C. Parkin.^[36] The beginning phase of the expansion was completed in 1974, which saw the restoration of the Grange, and the opening of the Henry Moore Sculpture Eye,^[36] a eye which Moore helped design.^[17] Moore cull the dimensions for the centre, the color of the floor and the walls, and saw the installation of a skylight in the centre, in order to permit more natural light into the gallery.^[17] The centre saw little amending to its blueprint during the museum's expansion in the early 2000s, with the exception of a 7-metre (23 ft) opening, providing access to the Galleria Italia.^[37]

The second phase saw the opening of several new galleries adjacent to Beverley Street in 1977.^[36] The third phase of expansion planned past the museum was delayed until August 1986, when it announced a competition for Ontario-based architects to design the museum's southwest, and northern extension on Dundas Street to cover the "temporary facade".^[36] A seven-fellow member console somewhen selected a pattern past Barton Myers.^[19] The architectural firm KPMB Architects was contracted to complete the expansion, which opened in 1993.^[36] The expansion in 1993 saw 9,290.iii foursquare metres (100,000 sq ft) of new space built, and the construction of 30 new galleries.^[eighteen] Later the expansion and renovations in 1993, the museum complex had approximately 38,400 square metres (413,000 sq ft) of interior space.^[9]

2004–2008 redevelopment [edit]

From 2004 to 2008, the museum's building underwent a CA$276 1000000 redevelopment, led by architect Frank Gehry. Gehry was commissioned to expand and revitalize the museum, not to design a new building; every bit such, one of the challenges he faced was to unite the disparate areas of the building that had get "a chip of a hodgepodge" after six previous expansions dating dorsum to the 1920s.^[38] The redevelopment plans was the kickoff design by Gehry to not feature a highly contorted structural steel frame for the edifice's support organisation.^[39]

Interior of the protruding staircase from the height

Titanium and glass southern façade

The South Gallery block congenital during 2004–2008 redevelopment of the museum

The outside fronting on Dundas Street was changed as a function of the redevelopment; with the front entrance moved to the north, aligning with Walker Courtroom, and the installation of a 200-metre (660 ft) glass and woods projecting awning known every bit the "Galleria Italia".^[forty] The roof of Walker's Court was as well redeveloped, with steel truss girders installed, and glued laminated timber used to back up the glass-panelled roof, which provides 325 square metres (iii,500 sq ft) of skylight for the courtyard. The southern portion of the museum building as well saw redevelopment, with the construction of a five-storey S Gallery block, and a protruding spiral staircase that connects the 4th and 5th levels of the block.^[forty] The outside facade of the South Gallery Cake includes glass and custom made titanium panels, and like the Dundas Street fronting, is supported by glued laminated timber.^[40] The new addition required the demolition of the postmodernist wing past Myers and KPMB Architects.

Woods was used extensively during the redevelopment, with woodwork needing to be done for the museum'southward hardwood floor, information kiosk, ticket booth, security booth, and the stairs inside the edifice, including a spiral staircase in Walker Court.^[xl] The facings of the booths, staircases, and the hardwood floor is made of Douglas fir trees.^[41]

The redeveloped building opened in November 2008, with the transformation increasing the museum's total flooring area by xx per cent for a full of 45,000 square metres (480,000 sq ft); as well as increasing the art viewing space past 47 per cent.^{[39] [9]} An issue space chosen Baillie Courtroom occupies the entirety of the 3rd flooring of the south tower block.

Galleria Italia [edit]

The Galleria Italia is a 200 metres (660 ft) glass, steel, and wood projecting canopy at the fronting of Dundas Street, also acting as a viewing hall on the 2nd level of the building. The galleria was named in recognition of a $13 million contribution past 26 Italian-Canadian families of Toronto, a funding consortium led by Tony Gagliano, a past President of the museum'due south Board of Trustees.

Both ends of the glass and forest canopy extend pass the edifice forming "tears", providing the appearance that the edifice'due south facade has been pulled off the edifice. The Galleria Italian republic is fabricated out of 200 metres (660 ft) glued laminated timber and glass gallery space which sites atop the Dundas Street walkway.^[xl] Approximately i,800 glued laminated timber pieces were used on the facade of the Galleria Italian republic; and 2,500 timber connectors.^[42]

Interior and exterior of the Galleria Italy. Glued laminated timber makes up a pregnant portion of the galleria.

The galleria is composed of 2 layers, with the inner layer formed by 47 vertical radial arches, each of which increases in spacing between one some other as it approaches the master entrance.^[42] The radials provide lateral back up against the wind for the outer layer, a glued laminated timber mullion filigree, every bit information technology transfers the weight to the flooring. Both of these sit on a steel frame, which supports the galleria.^[42] The mullion grid itself is attached to sliding bearings, that allows its drape wall to arrange to changes in temperature, without compromising the integrity of the wood.^[42] Almost of the timber was made of Douglas fir trees, from a manufacturer based in Penticton, British Columbia.^[41] Each piece of timber is unique, given that the galleria's blueprint featured slants that increased in width incrementally, and whose curvatures were changing throughout its length.^[43]

The galleria uses 128 steel horizontal beams to prevent the radials from contorting.^[43] Given that the museum is typically maintained at 50 per cent relative humidity, the steel used to support the glued laminated timber required a galvanized finish in order to prevent corrosion.^[39]

Reception for redevelopment [edit]

Walker Court subsequently the 2004 to 2008 redevelopment. The redevelopment saw walkways and staircases "threaded" through the courtyard.

The completed expansion received wide acclaim, notably for the restraint of its design. An editorial in The Globe and Mail called information technology a "restrained masterpiece", noting: "The proof of Mr. Gehry'southward genius lies in his deft accommodation to unusual circumstances. By his standards, information technology was to be done on the cheap, for a mere $276 million. The museum's administrators and neighbours were adamant that the architect, who is used to beingness handed whole city blocks for over-the-top titanium confections, produce a lower-cardinal design, sensitive to its context and the gallery's long history."^[44] The Toronto Star called it "the easiest, virtually effortless and relaxed architectural masterpiece this city has seen",^[45] with The Washington Post commenting: "Gehry'south real accomplishment in Toronto is the reprogramming of a complicated amalgam of old spaces. That's not sexy, like titanium curves, but it'southward essential to the project."^[21] The compages critic of The New York Times wrote: "Rather than a tumultuous creation, this may be one of Mr. Gehry's most gentle and cocky-possessed designs. It is not a perfect building, still its billowing glass facade, which evokes a crystal transport drifting through the city, is a masterly example of how to exhale life into a staid quondam structure. And its interiors underscore one of the nearly underrated dimensions of Mr. Gehry's immense talent: a supple feel for context and an ability to residue exuberance with delicious moments of restraint. Instead of fierce apart the old museum, Mr. Gehry carefully threaded new ramps, walkways and stairs through the original."^[46]

2010s renovations [edit]

The museum opened the Weston Family Learning Centre in October 2011, designed by Hariri Pontarini Architects. The 3,252-square-metre (35,000 sq ft) space is an exploration art eye, featuring a hands-on centre for children, a youth centre, and an art workshop and studio.^[47] Several months later, in April 2012, the museum opened the David Milne Written report Eye, which was designed by KPMB Architects.^{[48] [49] [50]} The cost to build the David Milne Study Centre cost the museum approximately C$i one thousand thousand.^[51]

The South Entrance and lounge outside the library, also designed by Hariri Pontarini Architects, was opened in July 2017.^[52] The renovated and renamed J. S. McLean Centre for Indigenous & Canadian Fine art^[53] opened in July 2018.

Permanent collection [edit]

AGO'southward permanent collection saw pregnant growth in the belatedly 20th and early 21st century. The museum's permanent collection grew from 3,400 works in 1960, to 10,700 in 1985.^[15] As of March 2021, the AGO's permanent collection holds over 120,000 pieces, representing many artistic movements and eras of art history.^[iv] The museum'southward collection is organized into several "drove areas," which typically encompasses works from a specific fine art course, artist, benefactor, chronological era, or geographic locale. Until the early on 1980s, works collected for the museum's collection was primarily Canadian or European artists.^[54] Its collection has since expanded to include artworks from the Indigenous peoples in Canada, and other cultures from effectually the world.

The museum's African collection includes 95 artworks, almost of which originate from 19th century Sahara.^[55] Exhibited at a permanent gallery on the 2nd flooring of the museum,^[55] well-nigh of the pieces in the African collection were gifted to the museum by Murray Frum, with the first pieces donated to the museum in 1972.^[56] The museum also has a number of Ethiopian Christian manuscripts and artworks, although these works form a part Thomson Collection of boxwoods and ivories.^[57]

In 2002, the museum was ancestral 1,000 works by Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islanders artists.^[58] Some of these items are exhibited at a gallery on the second floor of the museum. In 2004, Kenneth Thomson donated over two,000 works from his personal drove to the museum.^[59] Although the majority of the Thomson collection consist of works by Canadian or European artists, the collection also includes works created by artists in other parts of the world.

Canadian [edit]

The museum includes an all-encompassing collection of Canadian art, from pre-Confederation to the 1990s.^[60] Nearly of the museum's Canadian fine art is exhibited on the 2d floor, with 39 viewing halls dedicated to exhibiting one,447 pieces from the museum's Canadian collection.^[61] The wing includes the 23 viewing halls of the Thomson Collection of Canadian Art, and the 14 viewing halls of J.S. Mclean Center for Indigenous & Canadian Art.^[62] Canadian works are also exhibited in the David Milne Centre and the visible storage expanse in the museum's concourse.

Mail Gunkhole Landing at Quebec by Cornelius Krieghoff (1860). Information technology is one of 145 works past Krieghoff in the Thomson Drove of Canadian Art.

The galleries of the Thomson Collection of Canadian Art provide an in-depth look at the works of private artists, whereas the other viewing halls of organized around afterwards thematic bug.^[62] The Thomson Drove was donated to the museum by Kenneth Thomson in January 2004.^[63] The collections features most 650 paintings and works by Canadian artists; 250 of which were created by Tom Thomson;^[63] 145 works by Cornelius Krieghoff;^[59] 168 works by David Milne,^[51] and others by the Grouping of Seven. Well-nigh two-thirds of the collection were re-framed in preparation for their installation into the viewing halls.^[63]

In addition to the Thomson Drove of Canadian Art, works past David Milne are besides housed in the David Milne Study Center.^[51] The center was opened in 2012, and characteristic computer terminals linked to the Milne Digital Archives, and televisions which play films on Milne's life.^[51] The eye houses works and 230 other artifacts belonging to Milne, including diaries, journal, and paint boxes. Most of the Milne artifacts were gifted to the museum from Milne's son in 2009.^[51]

The J.South. McLean Centre for Indigenous & Canadian Art exhibits 132 from Canadian and indigenous artists.^[64] Approximately 40 per cent of works presented in the eye were created by Indigenous artists.^[64] The McLean Centre for Indigenous and Canadian Fine art is 1,200 square metres (thirteen,000 sq ft),^[65] with 14 viewing halls.^[62] Three of these galleries are dedicated to exhibiting Inuit art, whereas 1 is defended to exhibiting contemporary Offset Nations art.^[65]

Works in the Mclean Centre are organized around larger thematic problems relating to Canadian history, as opposed to chronologically.^{[62] [66]} As a result, works from indigenous and Canadian artists are presented together to showcase the reciprocal influences and disharmonize betwixt the two.^[64] An example of such thematic presentation is evident in how the museum exhibits Tom Thomson'due south The West Wind. When the painting was exhibited at the Mclean Eye, it was presented with Anishinaabe pouches adjacent to it, showcasing how 2 peoples viewed northern Ontario at that time.^[67] Text that accompanies works in the eye are presented in 3 languages, English, French, and either Anishinaabemowin or Inuktitut.^[64] The walls forth the master entry indicate into the McLean Eye is marked by small projectile points from arrows, spears, and knives from nine,000 BCE to 1,000 CE. The projectiles are a part of an art installation, every bit opposed to an ethnographic or archeological display.^[68]

Mural paintings from Canadian artists were among the first paintings to be caused for the museum's collection.^[14] The museum's Canadian collection has works from a number of Canadian artists, including Jack Bush-league, Paul-Émile Borduas, Kazuo Nakamura, and members of the Group of 7.^[60] The museum has more 300 works by David Milne; 168 of which were donated to the museum equally a part of the Thomson Drove of Canadian Art.^[51] The museum besides has most 150 works from A. Y. Jackson, although the majority of it is placed in storage.^[69] The collection also features works from Canadian sculptors Frances Loring, Esmaa Mohamoud,^[seventy] and Florence Wyle.^[60]

The museum also has a large collection Inuit artworks. The 1970s saw the first Inuit artwork added to the museum'due south collection; with the Art Gallery of Ontario acquiring the Sarick Collection, the Isaacs Reference Drove, and the Klamer Collection during the 1970s and early 1980s.^[fourteen] In 1988, the museum formed the Inuit Collections Committee in gild to maintain and abound the collection.^[fourteen] The collection includes two,800 sculptures, 1,300 prints, 700 drawings and wall hangings from Inuit artists.^[58] 500 of these works are exhibited at the Inuit Visible Storage Gallery,^[71] opened in 2013.^[72]

Conversely, the museum did non acquire its kickoff First Nations artwork until 1979, acquiring a piece past Norval Morrisseau for its contemporary collection.^[14] The Art Gallery of Ontario did not larn Start Nations fine art until the late 1970s, in an attempt to prevent overlap betwixt the Agone'southward permanent collection and the permanent collections of the Royal Ontario Museum, which already had a drove of First Nations art.^[14] The early 21st century saw the museum increase the representation of Showtime Nations fine art in its Canadian-centred galleries, including the R. Samuel McLaughlin Gallery.^[73] Beginning Nations artists whose works are featured in the museum's collection includes Charles Edenshaw, and Shelley Niro.^[58]

Contemporary [edit]

Hallway in the Vivian & David Campbell Centre for Contemporary Art, situated inside the south gallery block

The museum's contemporary art collection contains works from international artists from the 1960s to present, and Canadians from the 1990s to nowadays.^[74] The collection besides extends to installations, photography, graphic art (such as concert, film, and historic posters), motion-picture show and video art. Works from these collections are exhibited in several centres and galleries throughout the museum, including the Vivian & David Campbell Eye for Gimmicky Art which comprise the upper three levels of the due south gallery block, and the Galleria Italia.

The museum's contemporary drove includes a number of works by Canadian artists, General Thought, Brian Jungen, Liz Magor, Michael Snow, and Jeff Wall.^[74] The museum's contemporary collection also has works past international artists in the Arte Povera, conceptualism minimalism, neo-expressionism, popular art, and postminimalism movements.^[74] Artists from these movements whose works are included in the museum'south collection include Jim Dine, Donald Judd, Mona Hatoum, Pierre Huyghe, John McCracken, Claes Oldenburg, Michelangelo Pistoletto, Gerhard Richter, Richard Serra, Robert Smithson, Andy Warhol, and Lawrence Weiner.^[74]

The museum as well features a permanent exhibition of Yayoi Kusama's Infinity Mirror Room – Let's Survive Forever in one of the viewing halls of the Signy Eaton Gallery.^[75] The permanent Infinity Room was purchased in 2018 for C$2 one thousand thousand, after the success of a larger multi-room Kusama and Infinity Mirror Room travelling exhibit held in the same year. The permanent Infinity Room was opened in May 2019.^[75]

European [edit]

Viewing hall in the Tannenbaum Eye for European Fine art.

The museum has a large drove of European fine art ranging from 1000 CE to 1900 CE,^[76] Items from the museum's European collection are exhibited in several viewing halls throughout the museum. The Tannenbaum Middle for European Art and its viewing halls are located on the ground flooring. Paintings and sculptures from the Thomson Collection of European Art are exhibited on the ground floor, while the ship models from the Thomson collection are exhibited in the museum'southward concourse.

The European Collection includes the Margaret and Ian Ross Collection, which features a number of bronze sculptures and medals, with a particular emphasis on Baroque art from Italy.^[76] The museum's collection of European paintings and sculptures was further bolstered in Jan 2004, after the museum acquired the Thomson Collection of European Art.^[63] The Thomson Drove of European Fine art includes over 900 objects, including 130 send models.^[59]

The Thomson Collection of European Fine art includes the world's largest holding of the Gothic boxwood miniatures, featuring 10 carved beads and two altarpieces.^{[77] [78]} Other works featured in the Thomson Collection for European Fine art includes Massacre of the Innocents by Peter Paul Rubens.^[79] The painting was acquired by Ken Thomson in 2002 for C$115 one thousand thousand,^[79] at the time the about expensive Quondam Primary work sold at an art auction.^{[80] [note one]} Thomson intended for the work to serve as the centrepiece for the collections he donated to the museum in 2004.^[79] When the museum reopened in 2008, the painting was installed in a claret-reddish, low-lit room in the Thomson Collection for European Art.^[79] The room featured no other paintings, with the only lighting in the room directed towards the work.^[79] The painting remained at that location until 2017 when it was placed in a gallery with other works from the European collection.^[79]

In 2019, the museum caused the painting Iris Bleus, Jardin du Petit Gennevilliers by Gustave Caillebotte for more than than C$ane one thousand thousand.^[81] The painting is the second piece of work past Caillebotte to enter the permanent collections of a Canadian art museum.^[81] The museum's European collection also includes major works past Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Giovanni del Biondo, Edgar Degas, Thomas Gainsborough, Paul Gauguin, Frans Hals, Claude Monet, Angelo Piò, Nino Pisano, Rembrandt, Auguste Rodin, and James Tissot.^[76]

Mod [edit]

Sculptures from the modern collection at the Joey & Toby Tanenbaum Sculpture Atrium

The museum's mod art collection includes works from Americans, and Europeans from the 1900s to the 1960s,^[82] Works past Canadian artists during this fourth dimension period are typically exhibited equally a part of its Canadian collection, as opposed to the museum's modern art collection. Works from the mod fine art collection are exhibited in several centres and galleries throughout the museum, including the Joey & Toby Tanenbaum Sculpture Atrium, the Henry Moore Sculpture Eye, and several other galleries on the ground floor of the museum.

The museum is abode to the largest public collection of works by Henry Moore, most of which is held in the Henry Moore Sculpture Center.^[83] The museum dedicated approximately iii,000 square metres (32,000 sq ft) of space to the sculptor, which includes the Henry Moore Sculpture Centre, and related galleries including the Irina Moore Gallery.^[84] Moore donated 300 pieces,^[xv] almost his entire personal collection, to the museum in 1974.^[82] The donation originated from a commitment made by Moore on December 9, 1968, to donate a meaning portion of his work to the Art Gallery of Ontario, contingent that the museum builds a defended gallery to exhibit his works.^[85] In improver to the works donated by Moore, the museum also purchased another piece, Two Large Forms, from the sculptor in 1973.^[17] The sculpture was originally placed at the museum's northeast façade, most the intersection of Dundas and McCaul streets.^[17] Yet, the museum later relocated the sculpture to Grange Park nearby in 2017 as office of the park's renovation.

The museum's modern collection also includes works by Pierre Bonnard, Constantin Brâncuși, Marc Chagall, Otto Dix, Jean Dubuffet, Jacob Epstein, Helen Frankenthaler, Alberto Giacometti, Natalia Goncharova, Arshile Gorky, Barbara Hepworth, Hans Hofmann, Franz Kline, Henri Matisse, Fernand Léger, Joan Miró, Amedeo Modigliani, Claude Monet, Ben Nicholson, Pablo Picasso, Gino Severini, and Yves Tanguy.^[82]

Photography [edit]

The Art Gallery of Ontario also has a photography collection of 70,000 photographs dating from the 1840s to present day.^[86] The photograph drove includes 495 photograph albums from the First Earth War.^[86] Items from this collection are exhibited in two viewing halls on the ground floor.

In 2017, the museum caused 522 photographs by Diane Arbus, providing the museum the largest collection of Arbus'southward photographs outside the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York Urban center.^[87] In June 2019, the museum acquired the Montgomery Collection of Caribbean Photos, which includes 3,500 historic photographs of the Caribbean from the 1840s to 1940s.^[88] The collection was caused by the museum for $300,000, nearly if which was provided by 27 donors from Toronto's Caribbean community.^[88] The Montgomery Collection is the largest drove of its kind outside the Caribbean.^[88] Other photographers whose works are featured in the drove include Edward Burtynsky, Alfred Eisenstaedt, Robert J. Flaherty, Suzy Lake, Arnold Newman, Henryk Ross, Josef Sudek, Linnaeus Tripe, and Garry Winogrand.^[86]

Prints and drawings [edit]

Immature Country Gil Dancing by François Boucher (c.  1765–1770), part of the museum's prints and drawings collection

The museum'southward prints and drawings collection includes more than 20,000 prints, drawings, and other works on newspaper, from the 1400s to the present day. This collection usually is displayed lilliputian at a time with revolving exhibitions. However, the collection is viewable past engagement at the museum's Marvin Gelber Print and Drawing Study Center.^[89]

The drove includes the largest and near significant trunk of works from Betty Goodwin, with a bulk of the works given to the gallery by the artist.^[ninety] In 2015, the museum was ancestral 170 drawings, prints, and sculptures by Käthe Kollwitz.^[91] The prints and drawings collection also includes drawings by David Blackwood, François Boucher, John Constable, Greg Curnoe, Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Thomas Gainsborough, Paul Gauguin, Vasily Kandinsky, Michelangelo, David Milne, Pablo Picasso, Egon Schiele, Michael Snow, Walter Trier, Vincent van Gogh, and Frederick Varley; and prints past Ernst Barlach, James Gillray, Francisco Goya, Käthe Kollwitz, Henry Moore, Robert Motherwell, Rembrandt, Thomas Rowlandson, Stanley Spencer, James Tissot, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and James McNeill Whistler.^[89]

Library and archives [edit]

The Fine art Gallery of Ontario also houses the Edward P. Taylor Library & Archives. The library and archives are open to the public and require no entrance fee.^[92] Yet, access to the museum's archives, and its special collections requires a scheduled appointment.^[93] The library also serves every bit the adjunct art history library for OCAD University.^[94]

Library [edit]

The general collections of the library reflect the permanent collection of works of art and the public programs of the Art Gallery of Ontario, containing over 300,000 volumes for general art information and academic inquiry in the history of art.^[93] The library serves as a reference library; materials in the collections do not broadcast. Holdings encompass western fine art in all media from the medieval menses to the 21st century; the art of Canada's indigenous peoples including Inuit art; and African and Oceanian fine art.

The library additionally comprises Canadian, American and European art journals and newspapers; over fifty,000 art sales and auction catalogues (late 18th century to electric current); xl,000 documentation files on Canadian fine art and artists, and international gimmicky artists; and multimedia, digital and microform collections. Materials may be searched on the online catalogue.^[95] The Library & Archives also produces pathfinders and bibliographies for collections research, such as the Thomson Collection Resources Guide to the large collection of works of art donated by benefactor and collector Kenneth Thomson.^[96]

Work tables at the Edward P. Taylor Library & Archives, the art gallery's library and athenaeum

The library'due south rare books collection includes art historical sourcebooks from the 17th century to the present; British Neoclassical folios of the 18th century; catalogues raisonnés; British and Canadian illustrated books and magazines; travel guides, particularly Baedekers, Murrays, and Blue Guides; French art sales catalogues from the tardily 18th century to the mid-20th century; and artists' books.

Archives [edit]

The museum's archives document the history of the establishment since its institution in 1900, as well equally The Grange since 1820. Series include exhibition files, publicity scrapbooks (documenting Gallery exhibitions and all other activity), architectural plans, photographs, records of the Gallery School, and correspondence (with fine art dealers, artists, collectors, and scholars). Because of the regularity with which artists' groups held exhibitions at the Gallery, the athenaeum are a resource for research into the activities of the Grouping of Seven, the Canadian Group of Painters, the Ontario Society of Artists, and others.

The Art Gallery of Ontario's special collections are 1 of the almost important concentrations of archival material on the visual arts in Canada. In over 150 individual fonds and collections, ranging in date from the early 19th century to the nowadays day, the Special Collections document with master source material artists, art dealers and collectors, creative person-run galleries, and other people and organizations that have shaped the Canadian art world, also as the Tom Thomson Catalogue Raisonné files.^[97]

Programs [edit]

Artist-in-residence [edit]

Ago operates an creative person-in-residence program, granting selected artists access to its facilities, a stipend roofing materials and living costs, and a dedicated studio, the Anne Lind AiR Studio in the Weston Family Learning Centre.^{[98] [99]} Artists-in-residence are invited to create new work and ideas, and to use all media, including painting, drawing, photography, pic, video, installation, architecture and sound.^[100] The plan is the showtime of its kind to be established at a major Canadian art gallery.^[98]

Past artists-in-residences have included:

• Gauri Gill (September 2011)^[101]
• Paul Butler (October–November 2011)^{[100] [102] [103] [104]}
• Margaux Williamson (January–March 2012)^[98]
• Hiraki Sawa (Apr–July 2012)^[105]
• Heather Goodchild (July–Baronial 2012)^[106]
• Mark Titchner (September–October 2012)^[107]
• Jo Longhurst (Nov–Dec 2012)^[108]
• Life of a Craphead (January–March 2013)^[106]
• Jason Evans (April–May 2013)^[106]
• Mohamed Bourouissa (June–Baronial 2013)^[106]
• Diane Borsato (September–November 2013)^[106]
• Sara Angelucci (November 2013 – Jan 2014)^[106]
• Jim Munroe (January–April 2014)^[106]
• Ame Henderson (August – October 2014)^[109]
• Greg Staats (October – December 2014)^[106]
• Mammalian Diving Reflex (December 2014 – Feb 2015)^[106]
• FAG Feminist Art Gallery (February – April 2015)^[106]
• Meera Margaret Singh (June–August 2015)^[106]
• Lisa Myers (September–November 2015)^[106]
• Jérôme Havre (December–March 2016)^[106]
• Public Studio (May–July 2016)^[106]
• Walter Scott (September–November 2016)^[106]
• Will Kwan (January–April 2017)^[106]
• EMILIA-AMALIA (May – August 2017)^[106]
• Tanya Lukin Linklater (August 2017)^[106]
• Zun Lee (September 2017 – Jan 2018)^[106]
• Sara Cwynar (February–April 2018)^[106]
• Seika Boye and Sandra Brewster (August 2018 – February 2019)^[106]

Online presence [edit]

The Agone was the first Canadian museum included in the Google Art Project (afterwards renamed Google Arts & Culture), where 166 pieces from the permanent collection are bachelor for viewing, including works past Paul Gauguin, Bernini, Tom Thomson, Emily Carr, Anthony van Dyck, and Gerhard Richter. Currently, there is no "street view" choice to tour the museum online.^{[110] [111]}

Selected works [edit]

Canadian collection [edit]

• Tom Thomson, The Due west Air current, 1917

• 

• 

• 

European collection [edit]

• Tintoretto – Christ Washing His Disciples' Feet, c.  1545–1555
• Circle of Hans Holbein the Younger – Portrait of King Henry Eight, c.  1560s
• Peter Paul Rubens - Massacre of the Innocents, c.  1611–12
• Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Bosom of Pope Gregory XV, c.  1621
• Peter Paul Rubens – The Raising of the Cross, oil on paper version, c.  1638

• 

• 

  Nicolas Poussin, Venus, Mother of Aeneas, presenting him with Arms forged by Vulcan, c.  1636–37

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

  Jean-Léon Gérôme, The Antique Pottery Painter: Sculpturæ vitam insufflat pictura, 1893

• 

  Paul Gauguin, Nave Nave Fenua from the Noa Noa Series, 1893–94

• 

Mod and contemporary collections [edit]

• 

• 

• 

• 

Come across also [edit]

• Civilization in Toronto
• List of art museums
• List of museums in Toronto
• Ontario Association of Art Galleries

Notes [edit]

1. ^ In November 2017, a painting by Leonardo da Vinci, Salvator Mundi sold for The states$450.1 one thousand thousand, breaking the previous tape gear up by the sale of Ruben'due south Massacre of the Innocents in 2002 (U.s.$106 million, adjusted for inflation in 2017).
2. ^ The Art Gallery of Ontario renamed the painting to Church at Yuquot Village in 2018. The painting was originally titled The Indian Church building.
3. ^ This photo was taken when the sculpture was situated at the southwest corner of Dundas Street and McCaul Street. The sculpture was moved to Grange Park in 2017.

References [edit]

1. ^ "Exhibition and museum visitor figures 2018". The Art Paper. 311: xv. April 2019.
2. ^ AGO Leadership Team
3. ^ AGO Lath of Trustees
4. ^ ^{a b} "Art Gallery of Ontario Appoints Xiaoyu Weng as Carol and Morton Rapp, Curator, Mod & Contemporary Fine art". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
5. ^ "Ontario Social club of Artists". concordia.ca.
6. ^ ^{a b} O'Rourke, Kate (1997). "Ontario Society of Artists: 125 years". Archivaria. 44: 181–182.
7. ^ "Agone Year in Review - List of First Founders" (PDF). Ago. p. 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on September iv, 2018. Retrieved September iii, 2018.
8. ^ Osbaldeston 2011, p. 185.
9. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j grand} Bradbeer, Janice (Jan 21, 2016). "In one case Upon A City: Fine art finds a home on The Grange". OurWindsor.ca . Retrieved October 23, 2019.
10. ^ Last Will and Testament of Harriet Goldwin Smith. Athenaeum of Ontario, estate file no. 22382-1909, microfilm MS584, Reel 1822. 1909.
11. ^ "The Grange: Overview | Ago Art Gallery of Ontario". www.ago.internet . Retrieved August 29, 2018.
12. ^ ^{a b c d e f k} "Heritage Holding Research and Evaluation Report: The Grange and Grange Park" (PDF). Heritage Preservation Services. City of Toronto. March 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
13. ^ ^{a b c d} McKenzie, Karen; Pfaff, Larry (1980). "The Art Gallery of Ontario 60 Years of Exhibitions, 1906-1966". RACAR: Revue d'art canadienne / Canadian Art Review. 7 (1–ii): 62. doi:ten.7202/1076877ar.
14. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Nakamura 2012, p. 423.
15. ^ ^{a b c d} Stoffman, Judy (January 28, 2018). "'A human of elegance, grace and practiced judgment'". The World and Mail. The Woodbridge Company. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
16. ^ Nakamura 2012, p. 421.
17. ^ ^{a b c d eastward} Marshall 2017, p. 83.
18. ^ ^{a b} "Canadian Architect". Canadian Architect. 38 (nine): 24. September 1993.
19. ^ ^{a b c} Osbaldeston 2011, p. 190.
20. ^ DePalma, Anthony (December viii, 1996). "No Stomach for Art". The New York Times.
21. ^ ^{a b} Kennicott, Philip (November 30, 2008). "A Complex Legacy". The Washington Post . Retrieved February 2, 2009.
22. ^ Hume, Christopher (Feb 22, 2009). "Fine art in his blood and steel in his basic". Toronto Star . Retrieved April thirteen, 2009.
23. ^ "Kenneth Thomson – a "Peachy Canadian"". Art Matters blog. Art Gallery of Ontario. June 12, 2006. Retrieved September 21, 2015.
24. ^ "Returning Nazi-looted art in Canada". www.lootedart.com. Canadian Jewish News. Archived from the original on December 24, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2021. The Art Gallery of Ontario (AGO) has 46 paintings and sculptures with what curators call "a gap in provenance," meaning the history of ownership, in this case betwixt 1933 and 1945, has disappeared. Across the country, in public galleries large and small, in that location are like mysteries. To date, 3 Canadian galleries (the Fine art Gallery of Hamilton, the National Art Gallery in Ottawa and the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts) take returned looted Holocaust-era paintings to heirs.
25. ^ "Spoliation Enquiry". Fine art Gallery of Ontario. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
26. ^ ^{a b} "Renaming of Emily Carr painting spurs debate about reconciliation in art". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. May 23, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
27. ^ "'That Is a Word That Causes Pain': A Toronto Museum Takes 'Indian' Out of the Title of an Emily Carr Painting". Artnet News. Artnet Worldwide Corporation. May 23, 2018. Retrieved Oct 3, 2019.
28. ^ "The kids are alright: Art Gallery of Ontario offers free access for visitors 25 and nether, and reduced yearly passes for all". world wide web.theartnewspaper.com. May 9, 2019. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
29. ^ "Looted Art Commission - CLAE News". www.lootedartcommission.com. Archived from the original on May 14, 2008. Retrieved May 22, 2021. northward xviii November 2020 the Committee jointly with the Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Canada (Agone) appear the restitution of Still Life with Flowers by Jan van Kessel the Elder to the heirs of Dagobert and Martha David. In March 2020, the Commission made the restitution claim on behalf of the family, providing compelling evidence that the painting had formerly belonged to the family unit who had fled Deutschland to Kingdom of belgium in 1939 only to be trapped there, forced to live in hiding nether the High german occupation and to sell their possessions in gild to survive. Post-obit the painting's forced auction in Brussels, it was traded through Amsterdam and Berlin before it was acquired by the dealer Wildenstein & Co. in London, England. A Canadian purchased the painting from Wildenstein in the early 1950s and donated it to the AGO in 1995.
30. ^ "Ago returns painting to family post-obit merits past the Commission for Looted Art in Europe" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on November 24, 2020.
31. ^ "Agone returns painting to family following claim by the Committee for Looted Art in Europe". Fine art Gallery of Ontario . Retrieved May 22, 2021.
32. ^ "Transformation AGO: Projection Factsheet". ago.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
33. ^ "Heritage easement agreement". City of Toronto. 2018. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
34. ^ ^{a b c d e f k h} Osbaldeston 2011, p. 188.
35. ^ Carr, Angela (Oct 23, 2011). "Architecture of Fine art Galleries in Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Retrieved Oct 24, 2019.
36. ^ ^{a b c d e f yard h} Osbaldeston 2011, p. 189.
37. ^ Marshall 2017, p. 86.
38. ^ Frank Gehry (December vii, 2008). "The Fine art Gallery of Ontario". designboom.com. Retrieved Oct 12, 2012.
39. ^ ^{a b c} Boake, Terri Meyer (2013). Understanding Steel Design: An Architectural Pattern Manual. Walter de Greyter. pp. 208–210. ISBN978-3-0346-1048-three.
40. ^ ^{a b c d due east} Art Gallery of Ontario: Renovation and Add-on. Canadian Wood Council. 2009. p. 5.
41. ^ ^{a b} Art Gallery of Ontario: Renovation and Improver. Canadian Forest Council. 2009. p. 8.
42. ^ ^{a b c d} Art Gallery of Ontario: Renovation and Addition. Canadian Wood Council. 2009. p. 6.
43. ^ ^{a b} Art Gallery of Ontario: Renovation and Improver. Canadian Forest Council. 2009. p. 7.
44. ^ Bradshaw, James (November xiv, 2008). "Finished AGO puts Gehry's fears to rest". The Earth and Mail service . Retrieved September 21, 2015.
45. ^ Hume, Christopher (November 13, 2008). "Revamped AGO a modest masterpiece". Toronto Star . Retrieved February 2, 2009.
46. ^ Ouroussoff, Nicolai (Nov 14, 2008). "Gehry Puts a Very Dissimilar Signature on His Old Hometown's Museum". The New York Times. p. C1. Retrieved February 2, 2009.
47. ^ Piacente, Maria; Lord, Barry (2014). Manual of Museum Exhibitions. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 137. ISBN978-0-7591-2271-0.
48. ^ "New David Milne Center - AGO Press Release". AGO.ca. April 3, 2012. Retrieved October ii, 2018.
49. ^ "Full general Information Fact Sheet". Art Gallery of Ontario. September fourteen, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
50. ^ "Art, engineering science and archives unite at the Agone's new David Milne Centre" (Press release). Art Gallery of Ontario. April 13, 2012. Retrieved October xvi, 2012.
51. ^ ^{a b c d eastward f} Adams, James (Apr 9, 2012). "AGO study centre to highlight David Milne". The Earth and Mail. The World and Mail Inc. Retrieved Oct iv, 2019.
52. ^ "Come and knock on our (new) door". AGO Art Matters blog . Retrieved Oct 1, 2018.
53. ^ https://canadianart.ca/calendar/the-j-s-mclean-centre-for-indigenous-and-canadian-fine art/
54. ^ Nakamura 2012, p. 422.
55. ^ ^{a b} "The African Collection". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
56. ^ Martin, Sandra (May 28, 2013). "Murray Frum, programmer and art collector, dies at 81". The Globe and Mail. The Woodbridge Company. Retrieved February half-dozen, 2020.
57. ^ Keene, Bryan C. (2019). Toward a Global Middle Ages: Encountering the World through Illuminated Manuscripts. Getty Publications. p. 91. ISBN978-1-6060-6598-three.
58. ^ ^{a b c} "The Indigenous Collection". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
59. ^ ^{a b c} "The Thomson Drove". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved Oct one, 2019.
60. ^ ^{a b c} "The Canadian Collection". ago.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
61. ^ Nakamura 2012, p. 430.
62. ^ ^{a b c d} Nakamura 2012, p. 428.
63. ^ ^{a b c d} Humeniuk, Gregory (2014). "Reframing Tom Thomson and the Grouping of Seven in the Thomson Collection at the Art Gallery of Ontario: From Principles to Practice/Recadrage des oeuvres de Tom Thomson et du Groupe des sept figurant dans la collection Thomson du Musée des beaux-arts de l'Ontario: des principes à la pratique". Journal of Canadian Art History. 35 (2): 141142.
64. ^ ^{a b c d} Bresge, Adina (June 28, 2018). "Toronto gallery to unveil cross-cultural Canadian and Indigenous art centre". The National Post . Retrieved September 30, 2019.
65. ^ ^{a b} Dobrzynski, Judith H. (June 29, 2018). "Ethnic fine art comes first in Art Gallery of Ontario'south new Canadian galleries". The Fine art Paper . Retrieved Oct vi, 2019.
66. ^ McMaster 2009, p. 216.
67. ^ McMaster 2009, p. 220.
68. ^ McMaster 2009, p. 217.
69. ^ "Agone to sell upward to 20 A.Y. Jackson paintings to brand room for underrepresented artists". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. January 14, 2019. Retrieved October nine, 2019.
70. ^ "Please be seated". Art Gallery of Ontario . Retrieved May 23, 2020.
71. ^ Nakamura 2012, p. 424.
72. ^ "The J. S. McLean Centre for Ethnic and Canadian Art". Canadian Art. July 1, 2018. Retrieved Baronial 29, 2018.
73. ^ Nakamura 2012, p. 426.
74. ^ ^{a b c d} "The Gimmicky Collection". ago.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
75. ^ ^{a b} Mudhar, Raju (April 4, 2019). "Fix for your selfie? Agone'due south permanent Kusama Infinity Mirrored Room now open up". The Toronto Star. Torstar Corporation. Retrieved October iv, 2019.
76. ^ ^{a b c} "The European Collection". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
77. ^ Alleyne, Allyssia (December ix, 2016). "500-year-old secrets of boxwood miniatures unlocked". CNN. Turner Broadcasting Systems, Inc. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
78. ^ Brown, Ian (Nov iv, 2016). "AGO showroom raises profound questions almost ancient handmade objects". The Globe and Mail. The Globe and Post Inc. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
79. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "'Too naked, besides violent': The Art Gallery of Ontario's troubling $100M masterpiece hits the road". The Toronto Star. Torstar Corporation. August 10, 2018. Retrieved Oct 4, 2019.
80. ^ Kinsella, Eilseen (November 15, 2017). "The Last Known Painting by Leonardo da Vinci Just Sold for $450.3 One thousand thousand". ARTnews. Art Media Holdings. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
81. ^ ^{a b} Ditmars, Hadani (August 23, 2019). "Fine art Gallery of Ontario acquires a Caillebotte later on long legal struggle". The Fine art Paper. Umberto Allemandi & Co. Publishing Ltd. Retrieved Oct 26, 2019.
82. ^ ^{a b c} "The Modern Collection". ago.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September thirty, 2019.
83. ^ DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Canada. Penguin. 2018. p. 182. ISBN978-1-4654-7778-1.
84. ^ Marshall 2017, p. 82.
85. ^ Marshall 2017, p. 81–82.
86. ^ ^{a b c} "The Photography Collection". agone.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
87. ^ Dawson, Aimee (Dec eighteen, 2017). "The acme ten museum acquisitions of 2017". The Art Newspaper.
88. ^ ^{a b c} Reid, Tashauna (June 6, 2019). "Agone acquires large collection of historical Caribbean area photographs". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved October iv, 2019.
89. ^ ^{a b} "The Prints and Drawings Collection". ago.ca. Fine art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
90. ^ Hustak, Brian (December iii, 2008). "Betty Goodwin was a behemothic in Canadian art". Vancouver Lord's day. Postmedia Network Inc. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
91. ^ "The bleak merely compassionate art of Käthe Kollwitz". TVO Current Affairs. The Ontario Educational Communications Authority. Nov 1, 2018. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
92. ^ "The AGO'due south Edward P. Taylor Library & Archives". Fine art Gallery of Ontario.
93. ^ ^{a b} "Edward P. Taylor Library & Athenaeum". Art Gallery of Ontario . Retrieved Feb 27, 2019.
94. ^ "Other Libraries". ocadu.ca. OCAD Academy. 2019. Retrieved Dec 3, 2019.
95. ^ "Horizon Information Portal". agone.net.
96. ^ "Edward P. Taylor Research Library: Thomson Drove Resource Guide" (PDF). Art Gallery of Ontario. 2011.
97. ^ "Library & Archives Collection". Art Gallery of Ontario . Retrieved Feb 27, 2019.
98. ^ ^{a b c} "Margaux Williamson is the Art Gallery of Ontario's electric current artist-in-residence". Toronto Star. March 22, 2012.
99. ^ 25k Mocca Award honours arts patrons partners in art. CBC News.
100. ^ ^{a b} Agone Launches Creative person-in-Residence Program with Winnipeg-born Artist Paul Butler | newz4u.net
101. ^ Ontario, Art Gallery of. "Indian creative person Gauri Gill wins $50,000 Grange Prize :: AIMIA | Ago Photography Prize". www.ago.net . Retrieved March 7, 2016.
102. ^ "Reason to Dear Toronto: yoga classes at the Art Gallery of Ontario". Toronto Life. Archived from the original on April seven, 2014. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
103. ^ Sarah Lazarovic (November 12, 2011). "Why the Art Gallery of Ontario wants yous to stretch amongst the sculptures". National Post.
104. ^ Fine art Gallery of Ontario offers yoga Archived March 5, 2014, at the Wayback Automobile
105. ^ Heaven Goodden, ARTINFO Canada. "AGO Announces New Artist-in-Residence, the Celebrated Hiraki Sawa". Artinfo.
106. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j g l m north o p q r s t u} "Artist-in-Residence | Agone Art Gallery of Ontario". www.ago.internet . Retrieved March 11, 2017.
107. ^ Lorinc, John (September fourteen, 2012). "A graffitist who works on the city's dime". The World and Mail.
108. ^ "Qatari Sheikh's Unpaid Auction Tab, Corcoran Seeks 'Visionary Leader', and More than". Artinfo.
109. ^ "Creative person-in-Residence". Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
110. ^ Wright, Matthew. "Fine art Gallery of Ontario becomes the first Canadian museum to participate in the Google Fine art Project". National Mail. National Post. Retrieved Jan 30, 2016.
111. ^ "Fine art Gallery of Ontario". Retrieved January 30, 2016.

Further reading [edit]

• Marshall, Christopher R. (2017). Sculpture and the Museum. Routledge. ISBN978-i-3515-4955-4.
• McMaster, Gerald (2009). "Art History Through the Lens of the Present?". Journal of Museum Education. 34 (three): 215–222. doi:10.1080/10598650.2009.11510638. S2CID 194089306.
• Nakamura, Naohiro (2012). "The representation of First Nations art at the Art Gallery of Ontario". International Journal of Canadian Studies. 45–46 (45–46): 417–440. doi:x.7202/1009913ar.
• Osbaldeston, Mark (2011). Unbuilt Toronto 2: More of the City That Might Take Been. Dundurn. ISBN978-ane-4597-0093-2.

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Art Gallery of Ontario at Google Arts & Culture

creedfolen1989.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_Ontario

Share this post